Five things that could derail the ECB

  • At its meeting this week, the ECB is set to stay stable in turbulent times. Despite the stormy news flow,  the ECB is in a sweet spot in economic terms, confirming our longer-run outlook of policy rates on hold at 2%, a level the ECB views as broadly neutral. Inflation is near target, growth is close to potential and labor markets remain tight, supporting a prolonged pause consistent with ECB communication, Taylor-rule signals and r* estimates. Quantitative tightening remains the key offset: with QT equivalent to about 3.2% of GDP in annual bond supply, long-term yields stay elevated and counteract the transmission of last year’s easing to the economy.
  • Credit is recovering only gradually. Despite 200bps of ECB rate cuts until mid‑2024, credit conditions remain sluggish. Higher long-term rates and elevated uncertainty weigh on firms’ and households’ investment decisions, keeping loan appetite subdued and banks cautious on credit supply.
  • Five factors could derail the ECB’s steady stance – with risks tilted to lower policy rates. The main downside risks are a Fed-independence shock that strengthens the euro, a geopolitics-driven confidence shock lowering European investment and consumption, a Ukraine peace deal that sharply lowers energy prices and a rapid AI-led productivity shock that proves disinflationary. The key upside risk to policy rates is a prolonged Middle East escalation that lifts oil prices and inflation forcing a hawkish tilt. 
  • Eurozone growth outlook resilient, thanks to the German fiscal spending spree and NGEU final mile boost. Eurozone GDP rose by a solid +0.3% q/q (1.3% y/y) in Q4 2025 Momentum was broad-based but Spain continues to be the top performer, while Germany is turning the corner only gradually. Early-year momentum should improve, with support from German fiscal easing and accelerating NGEU disbursements throughout 2026. 

Ludovic Subran
Allianz Investment Management SE

Björn Griesbach
Allianz Investment Management SE

Maxime Darmet
Allianz Trade

Jasmin Gröschl
Allianz Investment Management SE

Maddalena Martini
Allianz SE Branch Rome